1949 - 1962: Between colonial and development policy

Netherlands – New Guinea

The first period of Dutch development cooperation can be dated back from 1945 to 1965. During this period, development cooperation was a small programme with a small budget, mainly focused on the Dutch colonies and other dependent areas. The policy still varied between colonial policy and newer formulations of development policy.

Dutch New Guinea was an overseas territory of the Netherlands from 1949 to 1962. After the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia, the Netherlands retained this territory. The goal of the Netherlands was twofold. On the one hand, the Netherlands wanted to use New Guinea as a Dutch sphere of influence. On the other hand, it wanted to develop New Guinea and emancipate the population to prove that the Netherlands, as a colonial power, had not failed. 

The Netherlands quickly responded to President Truman's declaration of the "Point Four Programme," which is seen as the beginning of modern development cooperation. This was partly because this mean the expertise in tropical agriculture, which had been acquired in the Dutch East Indies, to be put to use. 

In 1962, there was a settlement of the Dutch-Indonesian dispute over New Guinea. 

Extra information and sources: 

NICC collection: 

  • A07512: Een daad van vrije keuze. De Papoea's van westelijk Nieuw-Guinea en de grenzen van het zelfbeschikkingsrechtP.J. Drooglever (2005).

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