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Traditional Water Management

Yemen has a long tradition in the sustainable management of water. Its people have developed a rich culture of efficient water-management practices. Traditional rainwater and runoff harvesting, spate irrigation, baseflow irrigation, and well irrigation were established in the first centuries AD. Around the fifth or sixth centuries, A.D. qanats were introduced.

Famous qanats were the “ghayls of Sana’a” (8th century AD or older).

"Water is the source of life on earth, and man has long sought water out above and below ground. Archaeological discoveries have attested to this, such as the remains of surface water conduits in the dry and semi-dry areas of the world, especially in the Middle East, in the Nubian Desert, most countries of North Africa and areas of the Arabian Peninsula including Yemen" (Documentary study on models of traditional irrigation systems & methods of water harvesting in Hadramout & Shabwah governates, 2011)

TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION SYSTEMS & METHODS OF WATER HARVESTING IN HADRAMOUT & SHABWAH GOVERNATES

THE ORIGIN AND SPREAD OF QANATS IN THE OLD WORLD, PAUL WARD.